Nondestructuctive testing of stress states in samples and products are performed by different methods. Among them are well-known X-ray methods called X-Ray Tensometry. This paper describes: - the outline of development of stress states testing by X-ray methods in Poland, - the scientific literature main by books in this branch in Poland. For important papers of X-ray tensometry in Poland belong: Ziolowski Z., X-Ray Method of Stress Determination in Metals Kasprzak W., Measurement of the Deformation State in the Area of One Grain Range of a Polycrystal by Means of X-Rays Mikiewicz T., Recovery in Mild Steel Treated with Aluminium Karp J., Zapalska-Nowal K, The Application of X-Ray Radiography to Determine the Strain of the Structural Lattice of Cast Steel Kasprzak W., Theoretical Principles of Measurements Methods of Strain State and Derivative Values Hebda M., Selected Methods of Experimental Analysis of Internal Stresses in the Surface Layer Senczyk D., The Analytical Methods of a Precise Defining of the Angular Diffraction Line Position in the Methods of Very Accurate Macrostresses and Lattice Constants Measurements Senczyk D., The Simultanous Defining Method of the 1st and 2nd Kind of Stress and the Mosaic Blocks Parameters Defining Based on the Angular Intensity Distribution of Diffraction Line Analysis Sencyk D., Seeming Variation of Interplanar Distance of Broad Diffraction Line in Metals and Alloys X-Ray Analysis Senczyk D., Accuracy Analysis Determination of Interplanar Distance by Some Precision X-Ray Methods Pszonka A., Ziaja J., X-Ray Methods of Measurements of Stresses Kasprzak W., Pszonka A., Ziaja J., Determination of The State of Strain in Single Crystalites of the Regular System with the Help of X-Rays Pszonka A., Ziaja J., Proposal of Measuring The State of Strain in a Single Crystallite of a Polycrystal Test Piece With The Diffractometric Method Pszonka A., Ziaja J., Quick Determination of the X-Ray Peak at Stress Measurements Senczyk D., X-Ray Laboratory Ziaja J.. X-Ray Diffraction Methods of Determining the Real Structure Parameters of a Polycrystalline Material Frydman S., X-Ray Measurements of Elastic Constants un - and -Brasses Senczyk D., The Analysis of Error Sources and Experimental Determination of Precision in Measurements of Macrostresses by X-Ray Methods for Chosen Polycrystalline Materials Sencyk D., X-Ray Methods and Technics for Materials Structure Investigations Senczyk D., Macrostress Measurements in polycrystalline Materials by X-Ray Methods Senczyk D., X-Ray Diffractometry in Stress States Investigations and Elastic Properties of Polycrystalline Materials Senczyk D., Internal Stresses. Introduction to generation, control and application