Non-destructive evaluation and monitoring of heavy forgings by ultrasonics right from the beginning can give the first hand information regarding quality and help guide further course of action. The other NDT methods viz. magnetic particle test, boroscopic examination, in-situ metallography etc. can help in evaluating quality at different stages of manufacture. The feed- back informations generated by these NDT help in inserting timely remedial measures to improve the quality of the forging. The present paper deals with various types of quality problems occurring at different stages of manufacture of heavy steel forgings, their sources and causes. The decision making role of NDE in finding solutions to these quality problems has also been discussed in brief.