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INSIGHT
Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring
The Journal of The British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing
The Editior is D J Gilbert, E-mail: david.gilbert@bindt.org, http://www.bindt.org
Vol 42 2000
Number: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12
Vol 42 Number 1January 2000
Comment,
by P J Mudge, President, BINDT
2
NEWSDESK: Touchstone 3 becomes a millennium product; Volvo upgrades with British testers; Mobile darkroom for Siberia; AMEC Rail takes the strain out of maintenance; David Lovejoy joins NDT Magtronics; Contract awarded to PAC4
SPECIAL FEATURE: CONFERENCE PAPERS
Non-contact ultrasound and wireless telemetry - a step forward in remote NDT,
by S Whiteley, D Girma, G Hayward, S Kelly and D G Smith
10
Recent applications of Meandering Winding Magnetometers to materials characterisation,
by N J Goldfine, V Zilberstein and J M Fisher
14
Analysis of corrosion/erosion incidents in offshore process plant and implications for non-destructive testing,
by R Patel and J Rudlin
17
A new computational remote acoustic impact NDT system for the inspection of composite materials and detection and quantification of corrosion,
by J M Mew, J M Webster, T Thevar and T Schmidt
22
A critical appraisal of monitoring elastic waves as a means of detecting and diagnosing machine faults,
by T J Holroyd and C Brashaw
26
Cathodic protection of reinforced concrete swimming pools,
by P Chess, D Jakobsen, R Lawrence and J Godfrey
29
FEATURES
ASNT’s 1999 Fall Conference and Quality Testing Show,
by D J Gilbert
35
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 3. Thickness latitude and IQIs,
by R Halmshaw
43
Volume 42 Number 2 February 2000
Comment,
by Phil Kolbe, Technical Secretary, BINDT
66
NEWSDESK: Phoenix demonstrates inspection system for gas pipelines; New automated eddy current test line; New metals analyser for Stephenson; BINDT appointed ‘recognised third party’; Meccasonics wins major contract; NRPB offers new training schemeSuccesses for Argyll-Ruane; A health check on the Dome68
ENGINEERING COUNCIL NEWS72
SPECIAL FEATURE: INSPECTION OF PIPES AND PIPELINES
MFL and PEC tools for plant inspection,
by J H J Stalenhoef and J A de Raad
74
Rehabilitation of a 3 km 12-inch pipeline at a UK refinery,
by P J Mudge and A Hipkiss
78
Corrosion detection using CHIME,
by F Ravenscroft and C Bull
80
Corrosion detection and assessment in gas distribution pipes,
by J F Burd and S Smith
85
FEATURES
Metal detectors in civil engineering and humanitarian de-mining:
overview and tests of a commercial visualising system,
by C Bruschini
89
Results and conclusions of the 5th Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Conference, compiled
by J J Rant
98
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 4. Standards for radiography,
by R Halmshaw
103
Volume 42 Number 3 European Issue March 2000
Comment,
by Vjera Krstelj
130
NEWSDESK: BAe lead engineer scoops national award; Ceast and Hounsfield in new venture; Xtrac first with high-tech testing; R/D Tech opens UK branch; New engine test facility; Euroteck Systems Ltd - a new company in NDT; SSI/PAC merger; British Airways NDT chooses Isonic; Management change at Institut Dr Förster; Thermography saves MIRA time132
SPECIAL FEATURE: NDT IN THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
Design of modern aircraft structure and the role of NDI
by H-J Schmidt, B Schmidt-Brandecker and G Tober
141
Aircraft wheel and fuselage testing with eddy current and SQUID,
by H-J Krause, R Hohmann, M Grüneklee and M Maus
148
The applicability of X-radiography to the inspection of composites,
by E A Birt
152
Non-destructive testing of adhesively bonded materials,
by I N Prassianakis
158
Neutron radiography at the ‘Institut de Maintenance Aéronautique’ Bordeaux-1 University,
by S Cluzeau
163
EURO FOCUS: NDT IN CROATIA
A review of NDT in Croatia,
by V Krstelj
166
The contribution of CrSNDT to NDT development,
by I Leljak and A Lypolt
169
Standardization in NDT in Croatia,
by M Sutara
171
NDT at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zagreb,
by D Markucic
172
Non-destructive examination in power plants,
by B Nadinic and D Stanic
174
NDT in Croatian ship-building,
by D Zimic
179
NDT in the power generating, petrochemical and processing industries,
by A Lypolt
181
NDT and maintenance of offshore structures,
by D Licko, D Markucic and D Matovina
184
Humanitarian de-mining detection equipment and working group for antipersonnel landmines detection,
by V Krstelj and J Stepanic
187
Biomonitoring and estimation of possible health risk during non-destructive testing,
by A Fucic
191
Croatian film for industrial radiography,
by L Kauzlaric
192
FEATURES
Main factors affecting the dose and dose-rates in radiographs of welded joints when utilising a dosimeter,
by J-E Holmström
194
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 5. Image quality,
by R Halmshaw
199
The new Ionising Radiations Regulations,
by M K Williams
203
The ASNT North Atlantic Section Conference, a report
by Phil Ford
206
Volume 42 Number 4 April 2000
Comment,
by J E Newton
226
NEWSDESK: The route to perfect shoes; New name for CSWIP Underwater Inspection Management Committee; In-process defect detection; New techniques to assess corrosion in materials; HSE publishes research plans; Jim Knowles joins CS Products (Testing Equipment) Ltd; Hot metal contract for YSI; Decommissioning contract; EIT (Houston) to promote Sonomatic; Malaysian students visit Argyll-Ruane Ltd228
SPECIAL FEATURE: materials testing 2000 exhibition preview235
FEATURES
In-vessel material analysis of AGR steam generator tubes,
by S Lawson, J Wright, J Young and A Whitehouse
248
Low-alloy steel weldment creep life prediction using neural network analysis of ultrasonic backscattering,
by M W B Lock and A A Mohamed
251
Mobile neutron radiography systems and applications,
by P Bach
258
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 6. Special techniques,
by R Halmshaw
262
Volume 42 Number 5 May 2000
Comment,
by M E Gallagher, Secretary, BINDT
290
NEWSDESK: Failure analysis services cross the Atlantic; Vauxhall ‘spot on’ with non-destructive weld testing; Indentec grows world network for testers; Niton UK - the new metals analyser company; Virtual measurement for the casting industry; Brookhouse installs NDT equipment for composite components; Success at Lavender International; ECITB Modern Apprentices weld with the best292
SPECIAL FEATURE: materials testing 2000 exhibition preview298
FEATURES
Limitations in size and type of detectable defects in rail flaw inspection,
by M L Peterson, B D Jeffrey and R M Gutkowski
306
Analysis of the structure of printed circuit boards by means of the eddy current technique,
by D Kacprzak, S Yamada and M Iwahara
312
The inspection of brazed erosion shield attachments on LP shaft rotor blades,
by J M Hammond
317
Use of Modulation Transfer Function in the determination of focal spot dimensions,
by P R Vaidya
323
Matching of transducers to media with low characteristic acoustic impedances,
by Yu V Lange
327
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 7. Special techniques - 2,
by R Halmshaw
329
Volume 42 Number 6 European IssueJune 2000
Comment354
NEWSDESK: Agfa acquires worldwide Krautkrämer ultrasound business and technology; Ashtead buys Hocking eddy current instruments; Government gives green light to TWI Certification Ltd; Mecmesin moves; Surface preparation of castings for fluorescent penetrant inspection; Phoenix pioneers robot to prevent pollution disasters; Bolton metal merchant gets sorted with new alloy analyser356
EURO SOCIETIES: News and information from EFNDT and European Societies363
EURO FOCUS: NDT IN FINLAND
The Finnish Society for Non-Destructive Testing - Finnish NDT Committee,
by J Sillanpää
366
Qualification and certification of NDT personnel in Finland,
by J Sillanpää and O Kuusela
367
NDT expertise in Finland: VTT Manufacturing Technology,
by P Kauppinen, J Pitkänen, H Jeskanen, P Särkiniemi and A Lipponen
369
On-line AE monitoring of recovery boilers,
by V Sorvari
372
Calibration of AC-yoke magnetisation,
by T Åström
374
FEATURES
Infrared thermography as an NDT tool in the evaluation of materials and techniques for the protection of historic monuments,
by A Moropoulou, M Koui and N P Avdelidis
379
Condition monitoring techniques for fibre mooring ropes,
by G Rebel, C R Chaplin, C Groves-Kirkby and I M L Ridge
384
The piezoelectric implant method: a non-destructive tool to study frozen porous media,
by S Pouyez
391
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: Radiographic methods, Part 8. Radioscopy; reliability in radiography,
by R Halmshaw
397
Structural Integrity Monitoring: Review and future prospects. Report on the Inaugural Seminar - UCL NDE Centre, 30 March 2000401
Volume 42 Number 7 July 2000
Comment,
by Professor J H Bungey
426
NEWSDESK: Phoenix designs new manipulator for Sizewell B; Agency agreement between Tiede and Euroteck Systems Ltd; Blade leader upgrades with high-tech testing; A focus for adhesion and adhesives science and technology; Everest VIT, Inc acquires Henke-Sass Wolf (UK) Ltd; Thermal imaging camera helps glass manufacturer; Margaret Beckett re-launches WISE Campaign428
SPECIAL FEATURE: NDT IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
In-situ strength assessment of concrete - The European Concrete Frame Building Project,
by M N Soutsos, J H Bungey, A E Long and G D Henderson
432
Analysis of concrete using LIBS,
by H Wiggenhauser, G Wilsch, D Schaurich and J Wöstmann
436
Evaluation of fatigue damage in reinforced concrete slabs by acoustic emission,
by S Yuyama, Z-W Li, M Yoshizawa, T Tomokiyo and T Uomoto
439
The use of surface waves for the non-destructive testing of concrete structures,
by O Abraham, H Pedersen, G Hevin, X Kergadallan and Ph Côte
444
Ultrasonic imaging of concrete members using an array system,
by M Krause, F Mielentz, B Milman, H Wiggenhauser, W Müller and V Schmitz
447
Application of ground penetrating radar for evaluation of sub-surface airfield pavement conditions,
by K R Maser and I Sande
451
In-situ testing of reinforced concrete structures using stress waves and high-frequency ground penetrating radar,
by P Shaw and J Bergström
454
Noise abatement in asphalt concrete pavements: Part 1. Non-destructive estimation of characteristic lengths using an impulse-echo approach,
by H L M dos Reis, A K Habboub and S H Carpenter
458
FEATURES
EXHIBITION REVIEW: materials testing 2000 - a high-quality show with high-quality visitors465
NDT and the internet - a 5 year review,
by S J Lavender
470
Volume 42 Number 8 August 2000
Comment,
by D J Gilbert, Editor
490
NEWSDESK: New technique for leak detection; New X-ray distribution
agreement in Asia; Gold Award for Northern NDT; Safety award for Class Instrumentation; New leak test capability; PAC contract will lead to higher confidence in AE test results; Inspection by e-mail: a dream of the future?; Group-sponsored project on phased array techniques launched; Phoenix designs new system for China; Site radiography - example of good practice; Fibre optic sensors for oil & gas industry; Latest thermal imaging technology delivers instant savings at Drax492
SPECIAL FEATURE: CONDITION MONITORING
Vibration-based condition monitoring of pumps in the waste water industry,
by L Wang, A D Hope and H Sadek
500
Diagnosis of machine faults based on transient vibration signals,
by Z Chen and C K Mechefske
504
Some applications of statistical simulation in engineering diagnostics,
by L Qu
512
Survey of factors influencing the transient vibration behaviour of rotors,
by W-X Yang, X-M Ren and J-S Jiang
520
Laser profilometry applied to catalyst tubes in steam reformers for ongoing condition monitoring of creep damage,
by R D Roberts and P Tait
525
Optimising maintenance strategies: a fuzzy linguistic approach,
by Z Wang and C K Mechefske
528
FEATURES
Noise abatement of asphalt concrete pavements: Part 2. Estimation of acoustic properties,
by H L M dos Reis, A K Habboub and S H Carpenter
534
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: The basic principles, capabilities and limitations of ultrasonic NDT, Part 1. Introduction and scope,
by G A Georgiou and T B Wooldridge
542
Volume 42 Number 9 European Issue March 2000
Comment,
by P Kolbe
562
NEWSDESK: STS Lord Nelson uses multiple echo; Chemetall plc - the powerful UK synergy of Brent Europe and Chemetall; New eddy current instruments from G Hands; ASNT level III support course successes at Argyll-Ruane; NDT vocational qualification introduced; Materials Evaluation - Hardness Testing and Conductivity Courses; Ultrasonic detection makes the right noises; Large squirter system for Delta rocket inspection; More efficient plant maintenance and design; Agfa acquisition of Krautkramer 564
564 EURO SOCIETIES: News and information from EFNDT and European Societies574
EURO FOCUS: NDT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
The Czech Society for Non-Destructive Testing576
NDT in the Civil Engineering Faculty of the Brno University of Technology,
by M Korenska
578
NDT in the Czech power engineering industry,
by Z Skala, J Prepechal and J Vít
581
SPECIAL FEATURE: NDT IN POWER GENERATION
Feasibility study of ultrasonic inspection of turbine blade root using phased array probes,
by A Lamarre, N Dubé, P Ciorau and B Bevins
586
Innovative robotics and ultrasonic technology in the examination of reactor pressure vessels in BWR and PWR nuclear power stations,
by F Dirauf, B Gohlke and E Fischer
590
Adaptive ultrasonic inspection of specimens with varying profile using phased array techniques,
by O Roy, S Mahaut and M Serre
594
Non-destructive assessment of the thickness of oxide layers on zircaloy-4: influence of hydrogen content,
by A Perotti, L Lanzani, J A Marengo and M Ruch
597
Determination of the composition of a gas mixture in a nuclear fuel rod by an acoustic method,
by M F Narbey, D Barjon, G Despaux and J M Saurel
603
FEATURES
A new and reliable method for non-destructive and non-contact testing of thermal spray coatings,
by C Florin
606
NDT and characterisation of low-gauge pressure gas sensors,
by D Zvizdic, L Grgec Bermanec and N Ruzinski
608
Diagnosis, control and monitoring of buildings and constructions,
by D Almesberger
612
NDT in quality control at the Sisak Steelworks,
by A Debogovic
614
NDT and Alpinism,
by B Separovic
616
Volume 42 Number 10 October 2000
Comment,
by Dr R Halmshaw, Honorary Technical Editor
642
COVER STORY: Excellence in Alitalia’s Technical Operations644
NEWSDESK: New tube inspection system for NDT Inspection & Testing Ltd; Call for independent study into capabilities and limitations of TOFD; Ashtead moves into computer rentals; Indentec aims for Vietnam; Engineering Council backs Government plans to ensure education and training in risk management; New professional engineering body - The Society of Operations Engineers - announced; Oxford Instruments and Varian continue as partners for NMR; New home for Spanish NDT Association646
SPECIAL FEATURE: RADIOGRAPHY
Cone beam tomography for quality control and rapid product development,
by M Simon and C Sauerwein
651
Residual core detection in turbine aerofoils,
by G L Baheti, P K Khatri, K C Songara, L R Meghwal and V L Meena
656
Radiography and ecology,
by B Vaessen and F Michiels
659
Prototype gamma-ray computed tomographic imaging system for industrial applications,
by U Kumar--, G S Ramakrishna, S S Datta and V R Ravindran
662
Some radiographic properties of X-ray films and X-ray units when utilising doses and dose rates from industrial radiographic inspection of welds,
by J-E Holmström
667
The radiographic examination of austenitic/ferritic welds in steam chests,
by J M Hammond
670
FEATURES
15TH WCNDT: All roads lead to Rome for 15th World Conference674
PERSONALITY PROFILE: Steve Lavender: a Vice President with ideas to stir you into action676
Volume 42 Number 11 November 2000
Comment,
by George Georgiou, Chairman, Technical Committee
698
COVER STORY: Head mount display reduces inspection times in difficult areas700
NEWSDESK: Looking inside a Roman pump; New technique for monitoring crack growth; Lavender retained as ASNT Regional Director; OIS training in South Africa; Deepwater risers require inspection assurance; More Malaysian success at Argyll-Ruane; Phoenix goes for growth; Impact-echo system for NDT of concrete and masonry702
SPECIAL FEATURE: ULTRASONICS
NDT FUNDAMENTALS: The basic principles, capabilities and limitations of ultrasonic NDT, Part 2. Basic principles of ultrasonic NDT: I,
by G A Georgiou and T B Wooldridge
708
An integrated systems approach to automated scanning and analysis of engineering structures,
by A M Robinson, B W Drinkwater and R J Freemantle
714
Ultrasonic spot weld testing: attenuation study,
by D R Roberts, J Mason and C Lewis
720
The application of ABAQUS/Explicit to ultrasonic surface wave propagation problems,
by R F McCarthy and G A Georgiou
725
Validation of a 3D ultrasound microscopy system designed for the detection of air bubble inclusions in thermal spray polymer,
by C Cudel, M Grevillot, F Bacza, L Simonin, J J Meyer and J J Hunsinger
730
High-temperature thickness gauging using a highly deformable dry couplant material,
by S Dixon, C Edwards and S B Palmer
734
Blind enhancement for ultrasonic C-scans using recursive 2-D H8-based state estimation and filtering,
by U Qidwai and C-H Chen
737
FEATURES
NDT 2000 REVIEW: The 39th Annual British Conference on NDT,
by Phil Kolbe
742
Volume 42 Number 12 European Issue December 2000
Comment762
COVER STORY: Powerful ultrasonic flaw detector764
NEWSDESK: Sensa announces acquisition of York Sensors; New Talon/Argyll-Ruane agreement; Niton forms new strategic alliance with WAS; New equipment helps generators save on inspection costs; Railtrack recruits Romanian engineers; Merger gives force measurement and materials testing a broader outlook; Acoustic emission contract awarded to PAC; First Lavender Masterclass a great success; Varian announces breakthrough; NDT in Europe - a market for well-targeted opportunities766
EURO SOCIETIES: News and information from European Societies774
CEN STANDARDS: 11th Progress Report and Working Programme on European Standards on non-destructive testing, September 2000,
by R Halmshaw
776
EURO FOCUS: NDT IN SLOVENIA
An historical review and description of the current status of NDT in Slovenia,
by J Grum, D Horvat and M Sipek
778
Experimental system for ultrasonic testing of axle sets of diesel-engine trains,
by J Grum, V Jemec and A Beci
782
Study of cold-deformed state of steel Fe360-B based on the magnetic Barkhausen noise effect,
by J Grum, B Pecnik and D Fefer
789
Optodynamic measurement of ultrasound propagation in liquids,
by D Horvat and J Mozina
792
Use of the Barkhausen effect in the measurement of residual stresses in steel,
by J Grum and P Zerovnik
796
Non-destructive and non-contact materials evaluation by means of the optodynamic method,
by R Hrovatin and J Mozina
801
FEATURES
Acoustic emission monitoring from wind turbine blades undergoing static and fatigue testing,
by A G Dutton, M Blanch, P Vionis, V Kolovos, D R V van Delft, P Joosse, A Anastassopoulos, D Kouroussis, T Kossivas, J ter Laak, T P Philippidis, Y G Kolaxis, G Fernando, G Zheng, T Liu and A Proust
805
Materials characterisation and flaw detection for metallic coating repairs,
by N Goldfine, Y Sheiretov, A Washabaugh, V Zilberstein, S Kenny and P Crowther
809
Elastic wave burst thermography for NDE of subsurface features,
by A Dillenz, Th Zweschper and G Busse
815
Advanced eddy current sensor for improved inspection of steam generator tubes,
by X E Gros and M-Q Le
818
BACK TO BASICS: Eddy current testing - near-surface flaw detection,
by J Cox
822
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